PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.